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Tag Archives: COINTELPRO

American Assassination History: Fred Hampton (1948-1969)

04 Fri Dec 2020

Posted by ztnh in Anti-Capitalism, Civic Engagement (Activism), First Amendment (U.S. Constitution), Freedom of Speech, History, U.S. History: 20th Century

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Black Panther Party, COINTELPRO, Dr. Peter Dale Scott (b. 1929), Fred Hampton (1948-1969), Jacobin Magazine, racial residential segregation, yellow journalism, Zinn Education Project

Fred_Hampton.jpg (220×265)

LUMPENPROLETARIAT—Today in U.S. assassination history…  If the exact date isn’t seared into your memory, December 4th, then perhaps the image of Fred Hampton’s bloodied mattress or his bloodied, lifeless body is. The TV news, radio, and newspapers of the day reported back in December of ’69 that Fred Hampton, the Chair of the Chicago Chapter of the Black Panther Party for Self Defense, was assassinated during a night raid by cops, in ‘an intense shootout’. 

One of the effects upon the American consciousness of the yellow journalism involving the assassination of Fred Hampton, specifically, and the Black Panther Party, generally, was to create a false image of the Panthers as a violent organization, when the historical record reveals, basically, a peaceful neighborhood watch group, which developed free breakfast programs for underserved communities among other social welfare policies.  The Black Panther Party (BPP) had been gaining national political traction when Fred Hampton was assassinated.  Most importantly, the BPP had dared to call out what they saw as bullshit in the plainest terms of any of their contemporaries.  And the BPP also dared to practice their Constitutional rights to observe, monitor, and document police and state practices in black, brown, and poor communities.  It is well-documented that those police practices, which the BPP insisted on monitoring and holding accountable, had been historically abusive toward black, brown, and poor people, especially by enforcing the de facto apartheid state in America’s major cities, such as Los Angeles, Detroit, Chicago, and Kansas City. 

Racial residential segregation, racism in real estate policies, redlining, and other economic assaults against black and brown people were further enforced on the streets by police, for example, keeping blacks east of the so-called “Troost Wall”, east of Troost Avenue, in Kansas City, Missouri.  Similarly, in Los Angeles, blacks were confined primarily to South Central Los Angeles; and browns were confined primarily to East Los Angeles.  When people of color stepped out of line, for example, by daring to venture out into predominantly white neighborhoods, cops were ready to engage in fascist policing in order to put them back in their place.  Even anti-miscegenation laws served to enforce the de facto American apartheid state. 

This canary-in-the-gold-mine preview of American fascism experienced by indigenous Americans, by black and brown people, by non-white immigrants, is why people of color are often ahead of the curve in recognizing the failure of the American ship of state, as Chris Hedges (i.e., “Politics of Despair”), and others readily acknowledge today.  The people, who have experienced a state’s abuse of power first are also usually the first to recognize when they’re living in a failed state, or a failed democracy.

It was not the Black Panthers, who were violent.  They simply practiced their First and Second Amendment rights, among other rights, and taught many other Americans to do the same, at a time when our nation was filled with a repressed and/or oppressed citizenry, who had been quiet, but was now ready to speak out.  People, like Fred Hampton, were powerful symbols of that American passion to speak out about the antidemocratic and fascist forces lurking in the halls of justice with the Red Scares, McCarthyism, U.S. imperialism and war profiteering, Jim Crow, de facto apartheid segregation, police abuses, and other ongoing examples of state abuse of power.

Fred Hampton’s leadership of the Black Panther Party, as a charismatic American patriot, was precisely the type of voice America needed to defend democracy, but to which the state was mortally opposed.  Or, more precisely, it was the “American deep state”, what Dr. Peter Dale Scott describes as an ongoing political culture and confluence of corporatist, capitalist, and militarist interests, which are advanced and guarded by authoritarian, right-wing intelligence agencies, such as the CIA, and other elites manipulating government.  It was the police, the FBI, and the state, from the outset, who were hostile and violent towards the Black Panther Party, towards the series of protests later known as the Civil Rights Movement, and towards any political agency presented by people of color. 

The American state, with its intelligence apparatus, never wanted the Black Panther Party to gain electoral traction.  That’s why the state surveilled political groups, like the Black Panther Party for Self Defense.  The state was determined to undermine the Black Panther Party at any cost.  By the time, the Black Panther Party had earned national reach, with chapters across the nation, and Fred Hampton began to build the original Rainbow Coalition, which began to unite black, brown, and white people against racism and capitalism across the country, they were poised for meaningful electoral traction.  This evidently posed a threat to the state, as we learned from COINTELPRO documents and books, like The American Deep State by Dr. Peter Dale Scott, Giants: The Global Power Elite by Dr. Peter Phillips, and others.

The common narrative painted in the dominant media at the time suggested a violent, bloody shootout between Chicago cops and Black Panthers. The reality is closer to a premeditated massacre by cops of Black Panther Party members, working class activists resisting racism, police state authoritarianism, and capitalist economic oppression. It turns out, the Chicago Black Panther leaders were completely caught off guard during the predawn raid.  Fred Hampton and his fiancée Deborah Johnson were sleeping at the time.  And, of the nightwatchmen guarding the Hamptons, Black Panther Mark Clark fired only one shot in self-defense. And even that single gunshot blast was likely an accidental shot as Clark fell over after being fatally shot in the heart.

It turns out Fred Hampton didn’t have to die during the predawn raid, despite the nearly hundred shots fired by cops as they stormed the Black Panther Party’s Chicago home, according to attorney Jeffrey Haas, who spoke with Deborah Johnson, Hampton’s then-pregnant fiancée on the morning after the cops’ bloody raid. But, evidently, the state wanted Hampton dead, not alive. Miraculously, Johnson wasn’t shot during the cops’ barrage of bullets, as she lay in bed beside Hampton. When cops found both of them alive in the bedroom, they forced then-pregnant Deborah Johnson out of the bedroom. She then heard two gunshots. Those two gunshots, we now know, were gunshots to Fred Hampton’s head, execution style, as he lay unconscious on the bed, evidently drugged beforehand by a paid FBI informant.

On the evening of December 3, 1969, William O’Neal, who was employed by the FBI to infiltrate the BPP, slipped a powerful sleeping drug into Hampton’s drink then left.  Officers were dispatched to raid his apartment.

National Archives, African American Heritage, Fred Hampton (August 30, 1948-December 4, 1969)

Like Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.’s assassination, mounting evidence is painting an even grimmer picture than the official narratives usually cited. The killing of Fred Hampton was likely a cold-blooded execution, rather than an unfortunate outcome in a heated gun battle. In his book, An Act of State, attorney and personal friend of Dr. King, William Pepper described how Dr. King was taken to St. Joseph’s Hospital, where he was still alive. A surgical nurse named Shelby was the last person to see Dr. King alive in his hospital room, before two men in suits entered the room. According to an actual quote from actual deposition statements, sworn under oath, one of the men said, “Stop working on that nigger! Get out and just let him die.” Pepper included deposition transcripts in his book. Granted, Dr. King may have died anyway from his gunshot wounds. But the fact that this evidence was suppressed should be of great concern to all Americans, who remember the assassination of Dr. King and commemorate his legacy.

Similarly, as we learn more about the assassination of Fred Hampton, we learn more about the dangerous and antidemocratic forces, which predominate the American state. One such antidemocratic force was the FBI’s illegal COINTELPRO program, which had identified Fred Hampton, as a “radical threat” for effectively organizing black, brown, and white people against racism and capitalism.

In 1990, the Chicago City Council unanimously passed a resolution, introduced by then-Alderman Madeline Haithcock, commemorating December 4, 2004, as “Fred Hampton Day in Chicago”. The resolution read in part: “Fred Hampton, who was only 21 years old, made his mark in Chicago history not so much by his death as by the heroic efforts of his life and by his goals of empowering the most oppressed sector of Chicago’s Black community, bringing people into political life through participation in their own freedom fighting organization. We commemorate December 4, 2004 as “Fred Hampton Day in America”.

Messina

***

ZINN EDUCATION PROJECT—On the morning of December 4, 1969, lawyer Jeffrey Haas received a call from his partner at the People’s Law Office, informing him that early that morning Chicago police had raided the apartment of Illinois Black Panther Party Chairman Fred Hampton at 2337 West Monroe Street in Chicago.

Tragically, Hampton and fellow Panther Mark Clark had both been shot dead, and four other Panthers in the apartment had critical gunshot wounds. Police were uninjured and had fired their guns 90-99 times. In sharp contrast, the Panthers had shot once, from the shotgun held by Mark Clark, which had most likely been fired after Clark had been fatally shot in the heart and was falling to the ground.

Haas went straight to the police station to speak with Hampton’s fiancée, Deborah Johnson, who was then eight months pregnant with Hampton’s son. She had been sleeping in bed next to Hampton when the police attacked and began shooting into the apartment and towards the bedroom where they were sleeping. Miraculously, Johnson had not been shot, but her account given to Haas was chilling. Throughout the assault Hampton had remained unconscious (strong evidence emerged later that a paid FBI informant had given Hampton a sedative that prevented him from waking up) and after police forced Johnson out of the bedroom, two officers entered the room where Hampton still lay unconscious. Johnson heard one officer ask, “Is he still alive?” After two gunshots were fired inside the room, the other officer said, “He’s good and dead now.”

Jeffrey Haas’ account of this conversation with Johnson jumps right out from the inside cover of The Assassination of Fred Hampton: How the FBI and the Chicago Police Murdered a Black Panther. In this excellent book, Haas gives his personal account of defending the Panther survivors of the December 4 police assault against the criminal charges that were later dropped, and of filing a civil rights lawsuit, Hampton v. Hanrahan, on behalf of the survivors and the families of Mark Clark and Fred Hampton.  [Description from full review by Hans Bennett on TowardsFreedom.com.]

This book of the assassination of a sleeping Fred Hampton by Chicago police working for a mad state’s attorney is more important NOW than it was THEN. It is a revelation of how the powerful of our city use power to keep truth distant. The hard truth is that this is a remarkable work. — Studs Terkel

ISBN: 9781569767092 | Published by Lawrence Hill Books.

Learn more at ZINN EDUCATION PROJECT.

***

film trailer: Judas and the Black Messiah (2021)

***

https://www.democracynow.org/embed/story/2009/12/4/the_assassination_of_fred_hampton_how/

***

Democracy Now!, 4 DEC 2009, featured an interview with Jeffrey Haas, author of The Assassination of Fred Hampton: How the FBI and Chicago Police Murdered a Black Panther (2009).

***

The Murder of Fred Hampton, posted to YouTube as “Fred Hampton (Documentary)” by TheBlackestPanther, circa 2016

***

THE NATION—[25 DEC 1976] Was Fred Hampton Executed? Seven years after the shootings of Fred Hampton and Mark Clark by the Chicago police, a civil suit reveals the sordid details behind the assassination.

In the predawn hours of December 4, 1969, Chicago police, under the direction of the Cook County State’s Attorney’s Office, raided the ramshackle headquarters of the local chapter of the Black Panther Party. When the smoke cleared, Chairman Fred Hampton and party member Mark Clark were dead; four others lay seriously wounded.

Today in Chicago, seven years after the raid, the facts are slowly emerging, as a civil trial crawls through its tenth month. The families of Hampton and Clark, along with the seven who survived the foray, have filed a $47.7 million damage suit. Edward Hanrahan, three former and present FBI agents, an ex-FBI informant, and twenty-six other police personnel stand accused of having conspired to violate the civil rights of the Panthers, and then of covering it up. In essence, the plaintiffs and their lawyers are out to prove that the FBI/police conspired to execute Fred Hampton.

At 17, Hampton was a black youth on the road to “making it” in white America. He was graduated from high school in Maywood, Ill, with academic honors, three varsity letters, and a Junior Achievement Award. Four years later he was dead.

— snip —

Learn more at THE NATION.

***

[4 DEC 2020]

[Last modified on 4 JAN 2021 at 08:55 PST]

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December 9th Free Mumia Coalition Calls for Direct Action to Free Mumia & Provide Medical Treatment for All Prisoners

08 Thu Dec 2016

Posted by ztnh in Anti-Capitalism, Anti-Totalitarianism, Civic Engagement (Activism), Free Speech, Mindfulness, Police State, Political Science, Prison Abolition

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Albert F. Sabo (1920–2002), COINTELPRO, December 9th Free Mumia Coalition (SF Bay), DOJ, Edward Gene "Ed" Rendell (b. 1944), Francis Lazarro "Frank" Rizzo Sr. (1920–1991), Free Mumia Abu-Jamal Coalition (NYC), hepatitis C, International Concerned Family and Friends of Mumia Abu-Jamal (ICCFFMAJ), Mumia Abu Jamal (b. 1954), United States Department of Justice (DOJ), Williams vs. Pennsylvania (2016)

Mumia03LUMPENPROLETARIAT—Many of us have seen documentaries, such as The Weather Underground and Black Power Mixtape, 1967-1975 among others, which romanticise the revolutionary upheavals and struggles of the civil and human rights movements of the 1960s.  Yes, it’s true that great American civic leaders over the years have taken courageous stands against injustice, and much to our benefit.  But the reality is many of the folk heroes we laud in our historical studies, or in popular culture, languish in prison enduring political persecution.  Many former Black Panthers, for example, and Native American leaders, such as Leonard Peltier, continue to endure social suffocation in prison.  Often, they are denied vital medical treatment, as has recently been the case with political prisoner and former Black Panther, Mumia Abu Jamal.

The Free Mumia Coalition are organising rallies across the nation, which, in the Bay Area, will be followed by a march to the Oakland Police Department in solidarity with political prisoner Mumia Abu Jamal.  The rally and march in Oakland, and across the nation, will take place on Friday, December 9, 2016, which, as the Labor Action Committee to Free Mumia reminds us, is the 35th anniversary of the night of the shooting, in which Mumia was also shot, and for which he was framed:

On December 9, 2016 it will be 35 years since the police tried to execute Mumia Abu-Jamal, a former Black Panther and revolutionary journalist, the “voice of the voiceless.”  Unable to kill him, the cops, courts, and politicians conspired to frame him and sentence him to death for a crime he didn’t commit.

It took an international mass mobilization to prevent his execution. Now, it is taking protest and publicity to keep him alive in prison and to get him effective treatment for his Hepatitis C, which he is still being denied by the Pennsylvania prison system. We need to act!

The Free Mumia Coalition and many other organisations, including many thousands of sympathetic supporters have been calling, for years now, for the release of Mumia.  And, as prisoners are suffering from illnesses, such as hepatitis C, and are being denied adequate medical treatment, the Free Mumia Coalition is also calling for prisoners to be provided with any and all medical treatments needed.  Please join in solidarity, if you are in northern California, near the San Francisco Bay Area, or check your local community for solidarity groups and actions. [1]

Messina

***

DECEMBER 9TH FREE MUMIA COALITION—[19 NOV 2016]

mumiatypewriterbarsdrookerFREE MUMIA ABU-JAMAL NOW!

FREE HEP-C MED FOR ALL INFECTED PRISONERS!

Friday December 9, Rally

Oscar Grant Plaza, 4pm

Followed by March to OPD Headquarters

Join us for a National Day of Action on December 9 [2016] to FREE MUMIA NOW and FREE HEP-C MEDS FOR ALL PRISONERS, in coordination with his Philadelphia and New York supporters!

Mumia, a former Black Panther, who police tried to execute on the streets of Philadelphia in 1981, was framed by a racist judicial system and sentenced to death.  Like other Black Panthers, he was an innocent target of the FBI’s repressive COINTELPRO campaign.  From death row, Mumia became known as “the voice of the voiceless”, exposing deplorable prison conditions and fighting racist police killings, imperialist wars, and capitalist oppression.  International protests got him off death row, but now they are trying to kill him by medical neglect.  They are withholding life-saving Hep C medication he, and 7,000 other Pennsylvania prisoners desperately need.  After 35 years in prison, mostly in solitary confinement, it’s time to mobilize to FREE MUMIA and other political prisoners like him now!

A recent US Supreme Court decision, Williams vs. Pennsylvania (2016) could open the door for Mumia’s freedom, but only if this fundamentally racist judicial system is confronted with mass protests, like those that got him off death row.  This decision ruled that a prosecutor cannot later sit as a judge over the same defendant’s appeal.  This is exactly what happened in Mumia’s case.  On this basis, Mumia’s attorney’s have filed a new legal action.  If successful, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court rulings, which upheld his conviction would be overturned.  Mumia could, then, re-appeal the issues of his innocence, jury bias, and falsified evidence to win an outright dismissal of charges or get a new trial.  Mumia was framed by corrupt cops, prosecutors, and judges for the murder of a policeman that he did not commit!!  Let’s mobilize for Mumia now!

Partial list of endorsers for the Dec. 9 Free Mumia Coalition:

Dr. Angela Davis; ANSWER Coalition; Anti Police-Terror Project; BAMN; Black Panther Commemoration Committee, NY; (Former) Black Panthers: Cleo Silvers, Eddie Conway, Larry Pinkney, and William Johnson; Code Pink; Haiti Action Committee; International Action Center; John Brown Society; Justice for Palestinians-San Jose; Labor Action Committee to Free Mumia Abu-Jamal; Love Not Blood Campaign/Uncle Bobby; Lumpenproletariat; National Alumni Association of the Black Panther Party; Oakland Socialist Group; Oakland Teachers for Mumia; Oscar Grant Committee Against Police Brutality and State Repression; Party for Socialism and Liberation; Socialist Organizer; Socialist Viewpoint; Speak Out Now; Veterans for Peace – East Bay; Workers World Party.

Who is Mumia Abu-Jamal?

(Background information provided by the Labor Action Committee To Free Mumia Abu-Jamal)

Mumia Abu-Jamal is a revolutionary journalist.  A former member of the Black Panther Party and MOVE supporter, he fought racism and police brutality with outspoken radio reporting in Philadelphia in the 1970s.  Known as the “voice of the voiceless”, he was an award-winning journalist.  His work continues today—from behind bars—with books he has written, and recorded essays on imperialism, war, racism, and more.  Though censored off mainstream media, including National Public Radio (NPR), his commentaries can be heard on KPFA and other Pacifica stations.

Mumia is a political prisoner because he acted and spoke out against police brutality and racism.  Mumia was considered an enemy of the state.  He was targeted by the FBI’s COINTELPRO disruption program from age 15.  Publicly threatened by the notorious Mayor Frank Rizzo, he was well known to Philadelphia cops as a political enemy.  They arranged his conviction before a racist court, and sent him to death row in 1982.  He’s now serving life without the possibility of parole.

Mumia has never wavered from insisting his innocence.  Falsely accused of killing a police officer, Mumia was set up from the moment he was found at the scene.  Police coercerd vulnerable “witnsses” into saying they saw something they never did.  A real witness was driven out of town for saying Mumia didn’t do it.  Other witnesses who saw two men (not Mumia) run from the scene were ignored, or forced to lie against Mumia.  Police corrupted the ballistics, and forged a “confession”, that Mumia never made.  Another man’s real confession was suppressed.

Cops, courts, and politicians conspired to send Mumia away, and keep him there.  Starting with the “hanging judge” Sabo, who said he would “help ’em fry the n_____r” at Mumia’s trial, state and federal appeals courts, including the Supreme Court, have ignored law and precedent to keep Mumia behind bars.  Mountains of evidence, which should free Mumia, has gone unheard.  Politicians like the former DA (later governor) Ed Rendell, and ex-governor Tom Ridge, are complicit in the frame-up.

The US Department of Justice (DOJ) is complicit in Mumia’s framing.  All the cops on Mumia’s case were crooked, and the cop who was killed was likely talking to the FBI and killed by corrupt cops for that reason.  The cops’ motive in framing Mumia was to silence him, and cover-up their own crimes.  But that didn’t stop the DOJ from secretly warning DA Rendell not to use a DOJ corruption target, Alfonso Giordano, against Mumia at trial.  Giordano was the chief frame-up artist at the crime scene, but using him could have blown the “case” against Mumia.  (Giordano later pled guilty to corruption.)

Mumia Abu-Jamal should have never spent one day in jail.  Mumia’s case exposes the race and class bias of the entire capitalist judicial system.  The state demands his slow death in prison as retaliation to his defiant resistance to state repression and racial oppression.  And, now, that includes slow death by medical neglect.

But Mumia has not been silenced.  We stand with Mumia.  Mumia’s freedom is part of our own struggle for justice and human liberation.  Free Mumia now!

December 9th Free Mumia Coalition

Contact:  Tova, 510.600-5800; Jack, 510.501-7080; Gerald, 510.417-1252  19 Nov. 2016.  labor donated

***

“Voice of the Voiceless” (1999) by Rage Against the Machine

Free Mumia benefit concert (bootleg) [2] performed on 28 JAN 1999 by Rage Against the Machine

***

[1]  This article is based on personal experience, as well as a printed flyer handed to attendees of a recent lecture.  Apologies for publishing this information so late, my friends.

Also see the following related websites:

  • Free Mumia
  • Prison Radio
  • Labor Action Committee to Free Mumia Abu-Jamal

[2]  YouTube video posted by ЯРКОе видео (Ukraine) on 17 MAR 2012.

***

[Image of political prisoner Mumia Abu Jamal by source, used via fair use.]

[8 DEC 2016]

[Last modified at 20:10 PST on 8 DEC 2016]

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Anti-Trump Aftermath: Student Walkouts & Protests Across the United States

10 Thu Nov 2016

Posted by ztnh in Anti-Fascism, Anti-Imperialism, Free Speech, Neoliberalism, Political Economy, Political Science, Presidential Election 2016

≈ Leave a comment

Tags

"Freedom" (1994) by Rage Against the Machine, CBS SF Bay Area, COINTELPRO, Donald John Trump (b. 1946), Los Angeles Times

rigged 2016LUMPENPROLETARIAT  Your anger is a gift. -Zack de la Rocha

It’s admirable to see amongst our young people such moral outrage and indignation in the face of the grotesque leadership, to which our nation will be subjected under a Trump presidency.  (They are leading by example; adults can follow suit with a general strike.)  We’ve seen this kind of public moral outrage before, at least as far back as the 1960s.  But, back then, the conclusions at which young people arrived, about the corruption of our antidemocratic society, about its patriarchal and white supremacist origins, about the New Jim Crow, about the ideological stratification of society, the criminalisation of left-wing politics, all of these conclusions rendered the 1960s antiwar/social justice movements enemies of the state, hence COINTELPRO.  But the 1960s generations had their finger on the pulse of the problem.  Let’s help today’s young people catch up to them and understand the real object of their ire, antidemocratic institutions, such as capitalist modes of production and contemporary neoliberalism, not to mention our rigged two-party electoral system with its antiquated electoral college and closed presidential debates.

Messina

***

la-na-election-day-2016-anti-trump-protesters-hit-the-streets-1478740472LOS ANGELES TIMES—[9 NOV 2016]  Trump win sparks student walkouts and protests across the U.S.: ‘I expected better’

Matt Hamilton, James Queally, and Barbara Demick

Donald Trump‘s victory in the presidential election sparked protests across the nation Wednesday [9 NOV 2016], with crowds marching through city streets, rallying at college campuses and staging walkouts at schools in an open disavowal of the president-elect.

Students at several Bay Area high schools got up from their seats in the middle of class and filed out. A throng of more than 1,000 young protesters gathered on the steps of Los Angeles’ City Hall, burning a giant Trump head in effigy and blocking traffic along Spring and 1st streets.

“I expected better of my electorate,” Vishal Singh, 23, said in downtown L.A. late Wednesday. He said he was reeling in shock over the support for a man he saw as opposed to immigrants and LGBT rights. “I thought this country was different.”

Thousands of protesters blocked traffic in downtown Portland, Ore., Chicago, Boston and Philadelphia, with some torching flags. Demonstrators in Oakland smashed windows at five businesses and ignited trash containers and tires, police said.

In New York City, thousands clustered in front of Trump’s flagship building, the Trump Tower, and repeated a common refrain: “Not My President.”

[snip]  [9 NOV 2016]

Learn more at LOS ANGELES TIMES.

***

Anti-Trump Student Protest Rally, Los Angeles City Hall video posted by Anthony Estrada on 9 NOV 2016

“Protestors Plan to March from Union Square to Trump Tower” posted by Mrs. Liar on 9 NOV 2016

***

CBS SF BAY AREA—[10 NOV 2016]  San Francisco Students Stage Citywide Anti-Trump Campaign

On bikes, scooters, skateboards and on foot, thousands of San Francisco high school students staged a citywide walkout and shutdown San Francisco’s Market Street before marching along the waterfront in a mass demonstration Thursday [10 NOV 2016], protesting the presidential election Republican Donald Trump.

Escorted by San Francisco police officers, hundreds of students took several routes across the city to converge in growing numbers at City Hall and then began marching done busy Market Street.

As students from other city high schools streamed out of the Muni metro subway stations, the crowd swelled. Traffic on the busy Embarcadero grounded to a halt as the students marched toward Fisherman’s Wharf.

In Oakland, students walked out of classes and interrupted a press conference by Mayor Libby Schaaf.

Elsewhere, between 400 and 500 students from Napa, New Tech, Vintage and Valley Oak high schools participated in the march that started around 9am and ended at Memorial Stadium about a block north of Napa High School, Napa Valley Unified School District spokeswoman Elizabeth Emmett said.

[snip]  [10 NOV 2016]

Learn more at CBS SF BAY AREA.

***

“Your anger is a gift…”

***

[10 NOV 2016]

[Last modified at 17:54 PDT on 10 NOV 2016.]

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